The human papillomavirus (HPV) – a common name, a team of virus causes different diseases. You know, more than 100 varieties. The pathogen spread throughout the world. To avoid infection, it is important to know that the human papilloma virus.
What is the HPV infection?
HPV infection – a group of virus diseases caused by the human papilloma virus. At the moment, studied, described, above 100 types of virus. For a long time scientists have studied the morphology of the pathogen, which has made it possible to determine what type of viruses that provoke pathology. Identified separately, the group of high-risk HPV cancer.
Due to the fact that the HPV predominantly affects the reproductive system, a considerable attention to their learning, the problem given to the gynecologists. Talks about what the HPV-gynecology, it is necessary to note that the high risk of cancer of the cervix. Experts found that the virus directly, instead of the 16-th and 18-th types of provoke the development of cancer process, the female reproductive system.
HPV transmission-infection
The HPV is known, the resistance to environmental factors, so long you can keep that activity on the environment. This explains the ability to be a pathogen that is widespread. At the same time, the direct transmission of HPV by droplets do not occur. He spoke about the transmitted HPV of the person, who doctors point to the obligatory presence of the direct contact with the skin or mucous membrane of a carrier of the virus.
Like the transmission of HPV varied:
- sexual;
- relationship-to the household;
- vertical.
The most common way of transmission of HPV
I first heard about this type of pathogen, the patients often ask the doctor: if the human papilloma virus sexual. The doctors say that this method is the most common. According to the statistics, approximately 70% of the sexually active are carriers of HPV. The infection can occur repeatedly throughout life.
Most women and men infected with the HPV after a few months since the beginning of active sexual life. It should be noted that HPV is often attributed to a sexually transmitted infection, however, infection is possible during sex without penetration. Contact with the genitals, the virus may lead to infection.
Doctors, as well as the following ways of transmission of HPV:
- when the kiss;
- during oral sex.
The HPV infections in the home
Some infectious disease specialists share of household transmission of HPV. The percentage distribution of the virus is so small, however, we cannot fully exclude this possibility. The virus remains active, hitting the pool, the spa, so the infection is possible in public areas.
The infection of the home takes place through kissing, use of personal care products to HPV infection. In such cases, increase the risk of infection:
- the weakening of the immune system;
- violation of the rules of personal hygiene.
The risk of HPV infection
The probability of HPV infection increase significantly at the beginning of the sexual life. It's the transportation, the road is considered to be the main. That's how the professionals identify, depends on many factors, the presence of which is several times increases the risk of infection:
- early sexual debut;
- frequent change of sexual partners;
- the negligence of the contraception.
It is separately necessary to tell about the infection possibility of childhood. In most cases, HPV transmitted from mother during childbirth. When promoting the birth canal infection occurs, baby. The children easier to handle the infection, they almost do not occur. In addition, the arrival with mother's milk ready antibodies observed in spontaneous cure.
The HPV infection?
HPV infection occurs by direct contact with the mucous membranes, skin, and genitals. During intercourse often micro-cracks, but damage to the mucous membranes, it can only increase the HPV infection. Although there are certain differences in the mechanisms of transmission of the virus to the women and the men.
How human papillomavirus in men?
The probability that the HPV infection in men is directly dependent on the number of permanent sexual partners. Frequent promiscuity several times increases the likelihood of infection. In this case, the people in most cases are not aware of the presence of the HPV virus in the body. The result is the spread of the virus further. 90% of sex occurs, the infection, the partner that was previously completely healthy.
The woman, a human papilloma virus?
Ways to HPV infection in women do not differ from the characteristics of the men. In the first place sexual in nature. However, the risk of infection in women, and increased certain factors.
Among those gynecologists provide:
- early sexual debut;
- frequent change of sexual partners;
- abortion;
- traumatic birth history;
- gynecological diseases;
- the stress;
- long-term use of oral contraceptives.
Over the baby the human papilloma virus?
Knowing that the presence of HPV in the body, the women planning a pregnancy in the near future, one wonders, that the transmitted human papillomavirus mother-baby. Experts say that the risk of infecting the baby exists. However, the children rarely to the HPV, ways of infection are different from adults. Transmission often occurs on the stage of the promotion of the fetus in the birth canal: the virus of the mucous membranes, the mother passes to the baby.
It is worth noting that the danger of such infection is low. In most cases, the child's body manages to get rid of the HPV within the first 2-3 months of life. This happens due to the account of the body of the infant of antibodies in the breast milk. The main danger of HPV in young children respiratory tract lesions – appearance of the polyps. Such cases are rare, and are treated more as an exception.
HPV how long after exposure?
Learning about the human papilloma virus, many patients are interested in the timing of first symptoms. Doctors don't know how quickly manifested after the infection of HPV.
Very important are the following factors:
- the age of the patient;
- the presence of chronic inflammatory processes in the body;
- the state of the immune system.
In practice, the conditions are clinical manifestations of HPV different. The warts appearance changes in the affected cells can be observed after a few weeks or months. In some cases first lesions on the skin in the groin area and the genital organs detected a year later, after he was hit by a papilloma virus in the body. Determine the exact time that the HPV in the organism is possible on the basis of the laboratory tests.
Signs of HPV infection
The symptoms of the HPV infection occurs, lesions on the genitals. In most cases, the virus causes characteristic skin lesions. The patient record is the common appearance of papillomas and genital warts. Externally, these growths, like a cauliflower, so to distract them from the rest of the skin manifestations is difficult.
Women papillary growths, pale pink localized:
- in the area of the labia minor of;
- the groin;
- the clitoris;
- near the external opening of the urethra;
- on the eve of the vagina.
In some cases, warts develop in the anus, if the woman's anal. Strong growth of such formations leads to bleeding, pain during sexual intercourse. The men, like education or localized in the lumbar area, between your legs, at least on the surface of the penis.
Vaccination against HPV after infection
Even for those who know that the human papilloma virus, it is not always possible to avoid infection. Rehabilitation after treatment, prevent HPV infection, to prevent development of relapse, the doctors carried out the vaccination against human papilloma virus. Vaccinations prevent the development of viral infection 15 years or more.